Introduction of safety 

Safety certification is a passport for market access. Application of a safety standard is intended to reduce the likelihood of pain, injury and, in the case of fire. A product safety standard that classifies energy sources, prescribes safeguards against those energy sources, and provides guidance on the application of, and requirements for, those safeguards.

An energy source that causes pain or injury does so through the transfer of some form of energy to or from a body part. 

Forms of energy 

Electrical energy 

Thermal energy 

Chemical reaction 

Kinetic energy 

Thermal energy 

Radiated energy 

Examples of body response related to energy sources 

Many products necessarily use energy capable of causing pain or injury. Product design cannot eliminate such energy use. Consequently, such products should use a scheme that reduces the likelihood of such energy being transferred to a body part. The scheme that reduces the likelihood of energy transfer to a body part is a safeguard. Safety provide designers with basis of requirements of these safeguards.

Common safety testing items 

1.  input test

2.  Durability of marking test

3. Plug discharge test

4. Hazards voltage and SELV measurement

5. Limited power source test

6. Limited current circuit test

7. Resistance of protective earthing conduction

8. Humidity test

9. Torque test

10. Stability test

11. Enclosure force test

12. Drop test

13. Steel ball test

14. Vibration test

15. Stress relief test

16. Battery charge and discharge test

17. Heating test

18. Ball pressure test

19. Needle flame test

20. Glow-Wire Test

21. Softening Temperature of Thermoplastics Test

22. Touch current test

23. Electric strength tests

24. Insulation resistance test

25. Working voltage measurement

26. Abnormal test / Component fault test

27. Pull and torque test for fixed cord

28. Safety structure design

Safety testing standards for common products: